Medication Causes of Orthostatic Hypotension

Sep 16, 2019 admin DƯỢC KHOA, THẦN KINH, TIM MẠCH 0

Medication Causes of Orthostatic Hypotension

Aka: Medication Causes of Orthostatic Hypotension, Orthostatic Hypotension due to Medication, Drug-Induced Orthostatic Hypotension, Drug-Induced Hypotension, Drug-Induced Syncope, Medication-Induced Syncope

II. Causes: Cardiac Medications

  1. Methyldopa
  2. Clonidine
  3. Antiarrhythmic medications (esp. Type Ia such as Quinidine)
    1. Digitalis (Atrioventricular Block, Ventricular Tachycardia)
  4. Alpha adrenergic blockers (e.g. Prazosin, Doxazosin, Terazosin)
  5. Beta Blockers (e.g. Atenolol, Metoprolol)
  6. Alpha-Beta Blockers (Carvedilol, Labetalol)
  7. Diuretics (e.g. Furosemide) due to multiple mechanisms (Hypovolemia, Hypokalemia, Hypomagnesemia)
  8. Vasodilator medications
    1. Nitrates (Nitroglycerin)
    2. Calcium Channel Blockers
    3. ACE Inhibitors (e.g. Lisinopril)
    4. Hydralazine
    5. Dipyridamole (Persantine)
    6. Reserpine

III. Causes: Genitourinary Medications

  1. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (e.g. Sildenafil or Viagra)
  2. Anticholinergics (e.g. Oxybutynin or Ditropan)
  3. Flibanserin (Addyi)

IV. Causes: Neuropsychiatric Agents

  1. Parkinsonism agents (Levodopa-Carbidopa, Bromocriptine)
  2. Barbiturates
  3. MAO inhibitors (e.g. Phenelzine)
  4. Tricyclic Antidepressants (e.g. Amitriptyline, Doxepin, Trazodone)
  5. Antipsychotics (e.g. Chlorpromazine, Clozapine, thioridazine)
  6. Muscle relaxants (e.g. Baclofen, Cyclobenzaprine, Methocarbamol, Tizanidine)
  7. Tricyclic Antidepressants

V. Causes: Miscellaneous

  1. Opioids (e.g. Morphine)
  2. Antidiabetes medications (e.g. Insulin)
  3. Phenothiazines
  4. Chemotherapy
    1. Vincristine
    2. Adriamycin (Doxorubicin)

VI. References

  1. Gupta (2007) Am J Med 120(10): 841-7 [PubMed]

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